Three Learning Theories and How It Can Be Applied In Teaching?

Today, I want to talk about L.E.A.R.N.I.N.G. What that words means? Why life as a student never escaped from learning? Actually, do we realize or not that everyday and every time we are learning. We are learning through our experiences and our senses too! Learning is a process to gain our knowledge in order to success in our life.The focus on process obviously takes us into the realm of learning theories. 

There are three learning theories which are :

Behaviourism

What is the behaviorism? Behaviourism focuses on a new behavioral pattern that is being repeated until it becomes alert and catch the main points. Some major player in the development of the behaviorist theory were Pavlov, Bloom and Skinner. The theory of behaviorism concentrates on the study of overt behaviors that can be measured and observed. It views mind as a 'black box' in the sense that response to the stimulus.

Cognitivitism

The major player in this theory is Piaget. In cognitivitism, it views learning as involving the acquisition or reorganization of the cognitive structures through which humans process and store information. Ant, it also believes that Knowledge systems of cognitive structures are actively constructed by learners based on existing structures.

Constructivism

Constructivism views knowledge is socially constructed. Constructivists believe that learners should construct their own reality or interpret based upon their perceptions of experiences. Constructivism focuses on preparing the learner to problem solve in hard and tough situations. Some of the constructivists are Kuhn, Bruner and John Dewey.

How these theories can be applied in teaching process?

In behaviourism theory, what a teacher should do is instructing a good and comfort designs for learning environment. Besides that, teacher also should shapes children's behaviour by positive and negative reinforcement. For example, teacher can gives reward to the student who get good grade and give punishment to the students who has bad behaviour in school. In addition, teacher can presents the information and students will demonstrate it as they were understand the materials and teacher can assess students through  testing.

For the cognitivitism theory, teacher  need to provide opportunities for students to connect with the new information to the schema. Besides, teacher can gives problem solving and also structured search activities to the students. For example like in Mathematics subject, teacher can give more exercises on the topics so that the students will always remember the technique to solve the problems.

In constructivism theory, educator can rely heavily on open-ended questions and promote extensive dialogue among students. Teacher should encourages students to have critical thinking through analyze, interpret, and predict information.